Celiac disease
General description
Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the small intestine in genetically predisposed individuals. Consumption of gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, spelt, and barley, triggers an immune response that leads to chronic inflammation and damage of the small intestinal mucosa. This damage results in nutrient malabsorption and a variety of gastrointestinal issues, including chronic diarrhea, abdominal distention, and loss of appetite. In children, celiac disease can also lead to failure to grow normally.
Celiac disease susceptibility is strongly associated with specific HLA class II alleles, but non-HLA genetic factors also contribute to disease development. Polymorphisms in genes such as CTLA4 and MYO9B have been linked to celiac disease predisposition.
Calcification of posterior cerebral cortex and cerebellar cortex
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CerebrumOccipital lobeCerebral cortex
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CerebellumCerebellar cortex
A prominent feature of brain involvement in celiac disease is calcification of the occipital lobe and cerebellar cortex.
T2WI and FLAIR hyperintensity
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CerebrumOccipital lobeCerebral white matterSubcortical white matter
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Cerebellum